PatientsAbout Vitiligo

About Vitiligo

Copyright © Stephanie Corne. Used with permission

Vitiligo (pronounced vit-ill-EYE-go) is a skin condition characterized by the gradual loss of pigment in certain areas of the skin, and sometimes in the hair above those areas. This occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks melanocytes—the cells responsible for producing skin pigment—resulting in white patches that can appear anywhere on the body.

Although vitiligo is a lifelong condition with an unpredictable course, it is neither harmful to overall health nor contagious. With a proper diagnosis, an individualized treatment plan, and regular follow-up care, it is often possible to manage the condition effectively and reduce the visibility of white patches.

  • Vitiligo symptoms can vary significantly from person to person. In individuals with darker or tanned skin, the condition tends to be more noticeable. Some may develop only a few isolated white spots that remain unchanged, while others may experien...
  • The prevalence of vitiligo varies widely across the globe, with estimates ranging from 0.004% to 2.28% of the population, and even higher in certain regions. A consensus among researchers places the prevalence closer to 1% of the global population...
  • Despite decades of research, the exact causes of vitiligo remain unclear. The condition results from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immune factors, but understanding how these elements combine to produce vitiligo patches is sti...
  • The underlying cause of vitiligo is rooted in genetics, with the condition often "pre-wired" and waiting for a triggering event. In about half of all cases, a specific trigger or an unfortunate combination of seemingly harmless factors initiates t...
  • Patients with vitiligo can generally pursue one of three options: try to restore pigmentation, camouflage the white patches, or depigment the remaining skin to achieve an all-white appearance. Vitiligo should ideally be treated within two or thre...
  • Vitiligo treatment typically involves a year-long course of therapy, and interruptions of even a month may necessitate restarting the treatment. Before committing to a long-term plan, it’s essential to assess the financial resources required. Belo...
  • Vitiligo has been recognized for over 4,000 years, with early references found in ancient texts and cultures worldwide. The Rig Veda (~1500 BC) described depigmentation as "Kilas," likened to a white-spotted deer. Ancient Egyptian records (Ebers P...

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Whichever track you took through this website, you now have a better overview of vitiligo than 99% of people who live with it, or are helping a family member who has vitiligo.

If you are interested in taking part in clinical trials of new therapies, visit our Trial Hub. Information is provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and updated here on a monthly basis.

The Vitiligo Research Foundation (VRF) does not endorse or recommend any commercial products, processes, or services.

Please be advised that all information is intended for your general knowledge only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for specific medical conditions. Users are warned against changing any aspects of their treatment, diet or lifestyle based on this information without first consulting a registered medical practitioner. While every precaution is taken to ensure accuracy, VRF makes no warranty as to the reliability, accuracy, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of the content which reflect personal opinion of the authors.

FAQOther Questions

  • Will it spread?

    Vitiligo's progression and response to treatment can vary significantly among individuals, making it a particularly unpredictable skin condition. Based on the VALIANT study, her...

  • Does vitiligo increase the risk of skin cancer?

    No, it does not. Despite common misconceptions, people with vitiligo are actually at a lower risk of developing skin cancer—including both nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and mal...

  • Can chemicals cause vitiligo?

    Certain chemicals can trigger vitiligo, leading to a condition known as chemical-induced vitiligo. While clinically and histologically indistinguishable from other types of viti...